'C'est à cause que tout doit finir que tout est si beau.'It's because everything must end that everything is so beautiful.
Charles-Ferdinand RAMUZ, Adieu à beaucoup de personnages (Les Cahiers vaudois)
Trivia Today: The baroque palace at Versailles, which was the prinicpal residence of French kings from 1682-1789, was primarily built (and was the vision) of a.) which French monarch and b.)the gardens designed by which famous architect?
Yesterday's trivia: Who is the man in the poppin' tights who said "L'Etat, c'est moi."
Déjeuner: Chicken patty on bun
7th grade: Continuing on our quest to name the classroom objects...
- Do now: Part B of little sheet
- Check homework : Le livre bleu pages 16-21 B-D
- Révisez les devoirs
- Qu'est-ce que c'est dans la boîte?!?
- Est-ce qu'il y a une règle dans ton sac? (If you see this ahead of time, pack a lot of school supplies for tomorrow!)
- LOTTO (if time)
Homework : Label the pictures sheet!
8th grade: You will be able to show me how much you know about Unité 2!!
- Passez l'examen
- Get ready for Unité 3- we will finally begin grammar. I know you're excited. HURRAH!
Devoirs: Rien
17 comments:
It was originally a hunting lodge, built in 1624, by Louis XIII. It was expanded by Louis XIV beginning in 1669. Jules Hardouin designed the gardens. He drew the plans to enlarge it. The terrace that overlooked the gardens was removed to make room for the Galarie de Glacies. There are many fountains around the gardens,the Latona Basin one of it's most famous, and there was a marble court. During the Revolution many things were stolen, destroyed or autioned off.The Salon of Hercules had beatiful ceiling paintings. The palace was stripped of most of it's beauty and furnishings in the
French Revolution, and now it is a national meuseun.Now Tuileries, France is the home to the royal.
http://www.offrench.net/photos/gallery-8_location-84.php
the sun ,king,louis xiv primarley designed the baroque palace at Versailles and the famous designer who desigend the gardens at versallies is Andr'e LE Norte Joshua Dauner
It was primarily built by Louis XIV and the architect was Le Notre.
A seat of power
Versailles was the unofficial capital city of the kingdom of France from May 1682 (when King Louis XIV moved the court and government permanently to Versailles) until September 1715 (death of Louis XIV and regency, with the regent Philippe d'Orléans returning to Paris), and then again from June 1722 (when Louis XV returned to Versailles permanently) to October 1789 (when Louis XVI was forced to move back to Paris by the people of Paris). During the entire period, Paris remained the official capital city of France, and the official royal palace was the Palace of the Louvre, but in practice government affairs were conducted from Versailles, and Versailles was regarded as the real capital city.
Versailles became again the unofficial capital city of France from March 1871 (when the French government took refuge in Versailles due to the insurrection of the Paris Commune) until November 1879 (when the newly elected left-wing republicans relocated the government and parliament to Paris).
Versailles was made the préfecture (capital) of the Seine-et-Oise département at its inception in March 1790 (Seine-et-Oise had approximately 100,400 inhabitants at its creation). By the 1960s, with the growth of the Paris suburbs, the Seine-et-Oise département had reached almost 3 million inhabitants and was deemed too large and ungovernable, and thus it was split into three départements in January 1968. Versailles was made the préfecture of the Yvelines département, the largest chunk of the former Seine-et-Oise département. At the 1999 census the Yvelines département had 1,354,304 inhabitants.
Versailles is the seat of a Roman Catholic diocese (bishopric) which was created in 1790. The diocese of Versailles is subordinate to the archdiocese of Paris.
In 1975 Versailles was made the seat of a Court of Appeal whose jurisdiction covers the western suburbs of Paris.
Since 1972, Versailles has been the seat of one of France's 30 nationwide académies (districts) of the Ministry of National Education. The académie de Versailles, the largest of France's 30 académies by its number of pupils and students, is in charge of supervising all the elementary schools and high schools of the western suburbs of Paris.
Versailles is also an important node for the French army, a tradition going back to the monarchy, with for instance the military camp of Satory and other institutions. yessss
[edit] Geography
Versailles is located 17.1 km (10.6 miles) west-southwest from the center of Paris (as the crow flies). The city sits on an elevated plateau, 130 to 140 meters (425 to 460 ft) above sea-level (whereas the altitude of the center of Paris is only 33 m (108 ft) above sea level), surrounded by wooded hills: in the north the woods of Marly and Fausses-Reposes, and in the south the forests of Satory and Meudon.
The city of Versailles (commune) has an area of 26.18 km² (10.11 sq mi, or 6,469 acres), which is a quarter of the area of the city of Paris. In 1999, the city of Versailles had a population density of 3,275/km² (8,481/sq mi), whereas the city of Paris had a density of 20,164/km² (52,225/sq mi).
Born out of the will of a king, the city has a rational and symmetrical grid of streets. For the standards of the 18th century, Versailles was a very modern European city. Versailles was used as a model for the building of Washington DC by Pierre Charles L'Enfant
[edit] History
The name of Versailles appears for the first time in a medieval document dated A.D. 1038. In the feudal system of medieval France, the lords of Versailles came directly under the king of France, with no intermediary overlords between them and the king; yet they were not very important lords. In the end of the 11th century the village curled around a medieval castle and the Saint Julien church. Its farming activity and its location on the road from Paris to Dreux and Normandy brought prosperity to the village, culminating in the end of the 13th century, the so-called "century of Saint Louis", famous for the prosperity of northern France and the building of gothic cathedrals. The 14th century brought the Black Plague and the Hundred Years' War, and with it death and destruction. At the end of the Hundred Years' War in the 15th century, the village started to recover, with a population of only 100 inhabitants.
In 1561, Martial de Loménie, secretary of state for finances under King Charles IX, became lord of Versailles. He obtained permission to establish four annual fairs and a weekly market on Thursdays. The population of Versailles was 500 inhabitants. Martial de Loménie was murdered during the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre (August 24, 1572). In 1575 Albert de Gondi, a man from Florence who had come to France along with Catherine de' Medici, bought the seigneury of Versailles.
[edit] Louis XIII
Louis XIII, the builder of the original Château at Versailles
Louis XIII, the builder of the original Château at Versailles
Henceforth Versailles was the possession of the family of Gondi, a family of wealthy and influential parliamentarians at the Parlement of Paris. Several times during the 1610s, the Gondi invited King Louis XIII to hunt in the large forests of Versailles. In 1622 the king became the owner of a piece of wood in Versailles for his private hunting. In 1624 he bought some land and ordered Philibert Le Roy to build there a small hunting "gentleman's chateau" of stone and red bricks with a slate roof.
This small manor was the site of the famous historical event called the Day of the Dupes, on November 10, 1630, when the party of the queen mother was defeated and Richelieu was confirmed as prime minister. Eventually, in 1632, the king obtained the seigneury of Versailles altogether from the Gondi. The castle was enlarged between 1632 and 1634. At the death of Louis XIII in 1643 the village had 1,000 inhabitants.
[edit] Louis XIV
King Louis XIV, his son, was only five years old. It was only 20 years later, in 1661, when Louis XIV commenced his personal reign, that the young king showed interest in Versailles. The idea of leaving Paris, where as a child he had experienced first-hand the insurrection of the Fronde, had never left him. Louis XIV commissioned his architect Le Vau and his landscape architect Le Nôtre to transform the castle of his father, as well as the park, in order to accommodate the court. In 1678, after the Treaty of Nijmegen, the king decided that the court and the government would be established permanently in Versailles, which happened on May 6, 1682.
At the same time, a new city was emerging from the ground, resulting from an ingenious decree of the king dated May 22, 1671, whereby the king authorized anyone to acquire a lot in the new city for free. There were only two conditions to acquire a lot: 1- a token tax of 5 shillings (5 sols) per arpent of land should be paid every year (in 2005 US dollars, that's $0.03 per 1,000 sq ft (93 m2) per year); 2- a house should be built on the lot according to the plans and models established by the Surintendant des Bâtiments du Roi (architect in chief of the royal demesne). The plans provided for a city built symmetrically with respect to the Avenue de Paris (which starts from the entrance of the castle). The roofs of the buildings and houses of the new city were not to exceed the level of the Marble Courtyard, at the entrance of the castle (built above a hill dominating the city), so that the perspective from the windows of the castle would not be obstructed.
The old village and the Saint Julien church were destroyed to make room for buildings housing the administrative services managing the daily life in the castle. On both sides of the Avenue de Paris were built the Notre-Dame neighborhood and the Saint-Louis neighborhood, with new large churches, markets, aristocratic mansions, buildings all built in very homogeneous style according to the models established by the Surintendant des Bâtiments du Roi. Versailles was a vast construction site for many years. Little by little came to Versailles all those who needed or desired to live close to the political power. At the death of the Sun King in 1715, the village of Versailles had turned into a city of approximately 30,000 inhabitants.
Versailles in 1789.
Versailles in 1789.
[edit] Louis XV and Louis XVI
When the court of King Louis XV returned to Versailles in 1722, the city had 24,000 inhabitants. With the reign of Louis XV, Versailles grew even further. Versailles was the capital of the most powerful kingdom of Europe, and the whole of Europe admired the new architecture and design trends coming from Versailles. Soon enough, the strict building rules decided under Louis XIV were not respected anymore, real estate speculation flourished, and the lots that had been given for free under Louis XIV were now on the market for hefty prices. By 1744 the population reached 37,000 inhabitants. The cityscape changed considerably under kings Louis XV and Louis XVI. Buildings were now taller. King Louis XV built a Ministry of War, a Ministry of Foreign Affairs (where the Treaty of Paris (1783) ending the American Revolutionary War was signed in 1783 with the United Kingdom), and a Ministry of the Navy. By 1789 the population had reached 60,000 inhabitants,[1] and Versailles was now the seventh or eighth-largest city of France, and one of the largest cities of Europe.
[edit] French Revolution
Seat of the political power, Versailles naturally became the cradle of the French Revolution. The Estates-General met in Versailles on May 5, 1789. The members of the Third Estate took the Tennis Court Oath on June 20, 1789, and the National Constituent Assembly abolished feudalism on August 4, 1789. Eventually, on October 5 and 6, 1789, a throng from Paris invaded the castle and forced the royal family to move back to Paris. The National Constituent Assembly followed the king to Paris soon afterwards, and Versailles lost its role of capital city.
From then on, Versailles lost a good deal of its inhabitants. From 60,000, the population declined to 26,974 inhabitants in 1806.[2] The castle, stripped of its furniture and ornaments during the Revolution, was left abandoned, with only Napoleon briefly staying one night there and then leaving the castle for good. King Louis-Philippe saved the castle from total ruin by transforming it into a National Museum dedicated to "all the glories of France" in 1837. Versailles had become a sort of Sleeping Beauty. It was a place of pilgrimage for those nostalgic of the old monarchy.
[edit] 19th to 21st Century
The Franco-Prussian War of 1870 put Versailles in the limelight again. On January 18, 1871 the victorious Germans proclaimed the king of Prussia, Wilhelm I, emperor of Germany in the very Hall of Mirrors of the castle, in an attempt to take revenge for the conquests of Louis XIV two centuries earlier. Then in March of the same year, following the insurrection of the Paris Commune the French government under Thiers relocated to Versailles, from where the insurrection was militarily quelled. The government and the French parliament stayed in Versailles after the quelling of the insurrection, and it was even thought for some time that the capital of France would be moved definitely to Versailles in order to avoid the revolutionary mood of Paris in the future.
Restoration of the monarchy was even almost realized in 1873 with Henri, comte de Chambord. Versailles was again the political center of France, full of buzz and rumors, with its population briefly peaking at 61,686 in 1872,[2] matching the record level of population reached on the eve of the French Revolution 83 years earlier. Eventually, however, as the left-wing republicans won elections after elections, the parties supporting a restoration of the monarchy were defeated and the new majority decided to relocate the government to Paris in November 1879, with Versailles experiencing a new population setback (48,324 inhabitants at the 1881 census).[2] After that, Versailles was never again used as the capital city of France, but the presence of the French Parliament there in the 1870s left a vast hall built in one aisle of the palace which is still used by the French Parliament when it meets in Congress to amend the French Constitution.
The palace in Versailles in the spring of 2006
The palace in Versailles in the spring of 2006
It was not until 1911 that Versailles definitely recovered its level of population of 1789, with 60,458 inhabitants at the 1911 census.[2] In 1919, at the end of the First World War, Versailles was put in the limelight again as the various treaties ending the war were signed in the castle proper and in the Grand Trianon. After 1919, as the suburbs of Paris were ever expanding, Versailles was absorbed by the urban area of Paris and the city experienced a strong demographic and economic growth, turning it into a large suburban city of the metropolitan area of Paris. The role of Versailles as an administrative and judicial center has been reinforced in the 1960s and 1970s, and somehow Versailles has become the main centre of the western suburbs of Paris.
The centre of the town has kept its very bourgeois atmosphere, while more middle-class neighborhoods have developed around the train stations and in the outskirts of the city. Versailles is a chic suburb of Paris well linked with the center of Paris by several train lines. However, the city is extremely compartmented, divided by large avenues inherited from the monarchy which create the impression of several small cities ignoring each other. Versailles was never an industrial city, even though there are a few chemical and food processing plants. Essentially, Versailles is a place of services, such as public administration, tourism, business congresses, and festivals. Versailles is also an important military center, with several units and training schools headquartered at the Satory camp, where a military exhibition is organized annually. From 1951 until France's withdrawal from NATO unified command in 1966, nearby Rocquencourt was the site for SHAPE, and the famous 2nd Armored Division was headquartered there until 1999.
"Versailles Palace", ro the "Palace of Versailles". The "immense palace" of the king of France, Louis XIV.
The gardens, designed by the landscape architect André Le Nôtre
"When you arrive at Versailles, from the courtyard side you see a wretched, top-heavy building, with a facade seven windows long, surrounded with everything which the imgination could conceive in the way of bad taste. When you see it from the garden side, you see an immense palace whose defects are more than compensated by beauties."
2143 windows, 1252 fireplaces, and 67 staircases. The gardens included roughly 1400 fountains, using water pumped up from the Seine.
The Palace of Versailles, or simply Versailles, is a royal château in Versailles, in France's Île-de-France region. In French, it is known as the Château de Versailles. When the château was built, Versailles was a country village; today, however, it is a suburb of Paris, some twenty kilometers southwest of the French capital. From 1682, when Louis XIV moved from Paris, until the royal family was forced to return to the capital in 1789, the court of Versailles was the centre of political power in France. Versailles is therefore famous not only as a building, but as a symbol of the system of absolute monarchy of Ancien Régime France.
MaryLynn Garrison
P.s. Ok D. Turner you think guys can have all the power, but be further warned that you have a woman on your list. I will be at the top of your small, pittful list. Even though its the S.U. word and I can't spell it in French!This goes for you too Alex!!!
:/
yo ms b the answers are Louis xiv again and andre le notre.
the best student in the world
joe (the organized one ) riccio
p.s. u rock
André Le Notre designed the garden and louis XIV built the palace ..
Ana Flores
The gardens were designed by André Le Notre and louis XIV built the palace
Sara Flores
Louis the 13th built the palace originally, but Louis the 14th had it expanded into the largest palace in the world The gardens were designed by Andre Le Notre. Except with accents.
André LeNôtre designed the garden and louis XIV built the palace
Kelly Martinez
André LeNôtre designed the garden and louis XIV built the palace
jennifer martinez
a)Louis XIV
b)André LeNôtre
A: In 1667 Louis XIV decided to move the royal household and government from Paris to Versailles. The center of his new palace was the hunting lodge his father had built in 1624. Built in a Boroque style, the Palace of Versailles was enlarged by architects Le Brun and Le Vau. King Louis XIV, the Sun King, had an enormous influence on the art and architecture of the time. Boroque architecture was fairly geometric which was “in keeping with the French political system—absolute monarchy personified by King Louis XIV.” Because he is referred to as the Sun King, the architects gave the palace a room with “solar illusions.” This Hall of Mirrors added to the elegant and majestic quality of the Boroque palace. Many years later in 1919 Germany ended the war by signing the Treaty of Versailles in the Hall of Mirrors.
B: Another characteristic element of the Boroque time period was the elaborate gardens. To enhance his Palace of Versailles, King Louis XIV hired landscape architect Andre Le Notre to design the Boroque gardens surrounding the large estate. Pools and fountains, which also bedeck the vast landscape, are other features relevant to Boroque style. In sum, the king’s influence on architecture of the time is extremely evident in the Palace of Versailles.
: Faunia Simon
orginanly it was built as a hunting lodge in 1624 by louis the 13th and then in 1669 was made in to a palace by louis the 14th the gardener was andre le notre
The Versailles
Built by Louis LeVau and Jules Hardouin-Mansart; André LeNôtre (gardens)
i dont know the french monarch. i dont even know what it means.
abbie rose 2nd periodd(:
The Versailles Palace was part of the Sun King's(King Louis XIV) grand plan to make France a world power.
The answer to this could have been found among many of the wikipedia copied answers posted yesterday. Versailles is located in a Parisian suburb of the same name. Guarded by the famous musketeers, the Sun King turned his father's old hunting lodge into a magnificent palace and park grounds. Competed in 1698, it remains a popular attraction to this day. This enormous undertaking by King Louis brought 18th century France to the verge of bankruptcy. The finance minister, Colbert, had the finances in mind. In today's terms, Colbert paid $200 million in construction costs for Versailles, or as little 2-3 percent of state spending at that time. In today's terms, the total cost would reach around 5 billion ( Hey, that's less than the Wall Street bail out plan).
The archtiects of the lavish gardens were Claude Mollet and Hilaire Masson. The gardens were expanded over the course of French history (other King Louis's).
This building project is regarded as one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. However, the spending drove the peasants to starvation and helped to cause the bloody French Revolution and bring about the almighty GULLIOTINE!!! ( take that Alex.)
Watching Gov. Palin and Biden go at it,
D. Terner
Sorry B! The answer that is posted was wrong. Yes, David Terner admits that he was wrong! Claude Mollet was the supervisor of the gardens, the first gardener if you will. Le Norte was one of the most famous European architects of all time, and was the true mastermind of the gardens. In addition, Versailles was originally built by the Sun king's father, was so rebuilt by Louis the XIV, that it's fair to say that he was responsible for the building of the French wonder.
D. Terner
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